Co-designing action-oriented mental health conversations: adapting and validating the mental health continuum model for aging Canadians
Justine Giosa1,2, Elizabeth Kalles1,2, Paul Holyoke2, Carrie McAiney2,3, Nelly D. Oelke4, Katie Aubrecht5, Olinda Habib Perez1
- Abstract
- Older Canadians face the dual stigma of systemic ageism and negative attitudes about mental health, which makes talking about mental health difficult, particularly during care interactions that emphasize physical needs. As concern for older adult mental health continues to rise following the COVID-19 pandemic, access to needed support, care and treatment is imperative. The current research study addresses two research priorities identified by aging Canadians at the onset of the pandemic: building skills for healthcare providers who are not mental health specialists (e.g., personal support workers in home care); and identifying user-friendly tools to help identify signs of positive or poor mental health in themselves or others.
Using a participatory mixed-methods design, guided by a working group of experts-by-experience (n=31), this multi-year project aims to co-design and test an evidence-based approach to starting and carrying out mental health conversations between older adults, caregivers, and community health/social care providers. To address the aim of this project, Phase 1 involved a modified ADAPTE process including online workshops and surveys with older adults, caregivers, and health/social care providers across Canada. The online workshops explored context-specific adaptations to the mental health continuum (MHC) model to guide conversations in home and community care and the online survey assessed the acceptability of the adapted MHC model. Phase 2 involves co-designing action-oriented mental health conversations with home and community health/social care providers in rural and urban communities (n=6) within three provinces (ON, BC & NS). Phase 3 involves pilot and feasibility testing of these conversations.
This poster will focus on Phase 1 findings. Four online workshops were held with older adults, caregivers, and care providers across Canada (n=59). Workshop participants endorsed the use of a visual model that depicts mental health as a complex, multi-component construct ranging in state on a spectrum to begin de-stigmatizing mental health between older adults, caregivers, and health/social care providers. Participants recommended the following adaptations to the MHC model: improving the use of natural and action-oriented language across the model; more inclusive use of colours; capturing the element of change-over-time; removing clinical jargon and diagnostic/stigmatizing labels; renaming model categories and revising/adding signs and signals to be more aging context-relevant. Respondents of the online survey (n=1068) assessed the acceptability of each adaptation of the adapted MHC model, the MHC for Aging Canadians. Each adaptation received more than 76% endorsement (> 3 on a 5-point Likert scale) from survey respondents.
Destigmatizing mental health conversations in home and community care is an important step to improve integration between physical and mental health needs as the health system works to address the negative impacts of the pandemic. The co-designed changes and survey results in Phase 1 suggest that the MHC for Aging Canadians will be useful for starting conversations about mental health with older adults and non-mental health specialist care providers. Home and community health and social care providers have a unique opportunity and window into personal, individual and unique aspects of someone’s life circumstances (e.g., home environment, relationships, family, social networks, and culture). This is particularly important when most older adults live at home and many require care and support to continue to safely do so. There are missed opportunities in home care where care providers witness signs and signals of mental health concerns/challenges, but there may be hesitation to talk about these concerns/challenges due to a lack of individual confidence/skill, and/or system-level challenges like an overemphasis on physical health concerns and over-reliance on family caregivers.
- Presented by
- Olinda Habib Perez <olinda.habibperez@uwaterloo.ca>
- Institution
- 1-School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada 2-SE Research Centre, SE Health, Markham, Ontario, Canada 3-Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging (RIA), Waterloo, Ontario, Canada 4-School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Okanagan and Rural Coordination Centre of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada 5-Department of Sociology, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Keywords
- aging, mental health, care providers, mixed-methods